Carrot export growth depends on keeping cavity spot under control

Cavity spot is the most serious disease affecting carrot production in Ly Western Australia. With carrots now being the State\u27s most important horticultural export, Agriculture Western Australia has undertaken extensive research to ensure the export market continues to grow

Giving children a voice through partnership: a child rights-based approach to the co-design of postgraduate nurse education.

Background: There is an increasing need for the voice of children and young people to be more evident in planning and designing services, including the delivery of higher education, for school nurses to ultimately influence service delivery. Aim: To raise awareness of the importance of children’s rights by embedding them in postgraduate school nurse education to influence school nurse service delivery. Methods: A model was developed through direct partnership with representatives of the Children’s Parliament in Scotland. This model facilitated the inclusion of children and young people’s opinions in the co-design of postgraduate nurse education in order to incorporate children and young people’s rights and opinions and improve the delivery of the school nurse service in Aberdeen. Results: In a supported environment, children and young people were able to negotiate relationships with multiagency professionals on an equal basis, building connections and trust with them in partnership, based on their perceptions of school nurses’ daily actions and characteristics. Their negotiation of relationships identified various change management categories for improving the delivery of higher education and services. Conclusions: Children and young people have clear opinions and views when consulted in an inclusive age-appropriate way through rights-based participation. It is important that listening and taking due cognisance of children’s voices becomes the norm in influencing higher education, and that children and young people have a direct influence on improving children’s services

The Modification and Use of Supported Platinum Catalysts for Asymmetric Hydrogenation Reactions

This thesis describes a study of the adsorption of chiral substituted binaphthalene molecules (2,2'-dihydroxy-l,l'-binaphthalene, 2,2'-diamino-1,1'-binaphthalene, 2,2- dimethoxy-1,1 '-binaphthalene and 2,2',7,7'-tetrahydroxy-1,1 '-binaphthalene) on to supported Pt catalysts (1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumma, 1% w/w Ft/Grace silica CIO and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O- Sil) with a view to establishing a system which could be capable of inducing asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral starting materials. The 2,2'-dihydroxy-l,l'-binaphthalene modifier was found to adsorb irreversibly on to the 1% w/w Pt/?-alumma and 1% w/w Pt/Grace silica CIO catalysts, prior to the ageing of the 1% w/w Pt/Grace silica CIO catalyst. The 2,2'-dihy droxy-l,l'-binaphthalene modifier was also found to irreversibly adsorb on to the yalumina support, to a similar extent as that on to the 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina catalyst. The 2,2'-diamino-1,1'-binaphthalene modifier was adsorbed irreversibly on to the 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina, 1% w/w Pt/Grace silica CIO and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalysts. In the case of the 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalyst, the 2,2'-diamino-l,l'-binaphthalene was found to undergo a chemical reaction which resulted in the formation of 2-hydroxy-2'-amino-1,1'-binaphthalene and 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'- binaphthalene. 2,2-Dimethoxy-1,1'-binaphthalene modifier was found not to adsorb on to the (1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina, 1% w/w Pt/Grace silica CIO and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalysts. The 2,2',7,7'-tetrahydroxy-1,1'-binaphthalene modifier was found to be adsorbed on to the 1% w/w Pt/y-alumina and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalysts, with the gamma-alumina support adsorbing the 2,2',7,7'-tetrahydroxy-1,1'-binaphthalene to a similar extent as that on to the 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina catalyst. Evidence is presented for the adsorption of 2,2'- dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthalene, 2,2'-diamino-1,1'-binaphthalene and 2,2',7,7'-tetrahydroxy- 1,1'-binaphthalene modifiers are in a near vertical mode via their substituent groups, via the dissociation of a hydrogen atom. The adsorption of R-(-)-l-(9-anthryl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol was studied with respect to the 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalysts as well as the respective supports. It was found that only the 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina catalyst adsorbed this modifier. The adsorption of (S,S)-di-(2-propyl)-6,12-dioxa-2,5,13,16-tetraoxo-3,15,19- triazabicyclo [15.3.1] heneicosa-1 (21),17,19-triene and (S,S)-di-(2-propyl)-6,13-dioxa- 2,5,14,17-tetraoxo-3,16,20-triazabicyclo [16.3.1] docosa-1 (22),18,20-triene macrocycles were also studied, with the result that both the macrocycles were adsorbed on to both the 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalysts as well as the yalumina support. The 1% w/w Pt/gamma-alumina and 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalysts were studied for their co-adsorption properties with respect to the 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1 '-binaphthalene and 2,2'-diamino-l,l'-binaphthalene modifiers. In the case of the 1% w/w Pt/Cab-O-Sil catalyst, 2,2'-dihydroxy-l,r-binaphthalene and 2-hydroxy-2'-amino-1,1'-binaphthalene were formed as well as 2,2'-diamino-l,r-binaphthalene being adsorbed. The hydrogenation of methyl tiglate and tiglic acid over the various modified supported Pt catalysts resulted in the formation of the racemate (methyl-2-methyl butyrate and 2-methyl butyric acid, respectively). However, the hydrogenation of 3-coumaranone over diamine modified supported Pt catalysts resulted in the inducement of enantioselectivity, that is, R-(+)-2,2'-diamino-l,l'-binaphthalene modified supported Pt catalysts induced S-3-benzofuranol and S-(-)-2,2'-diamino-l,l'-binaphthalene modified supported Pt catalysts induced R-3-benzofuranol

Nursing by the long stretch of the arm: an exploration of community nursing middle managers' experiences of role enactment within Community Health Partnerships in three regions of Scotland.

Aim: This thesis aimed to explore community nursing middle manager role enactment in managing change within Community Health Partnerships (CHPs) in three regions of Scotland from 2008-2011. Background: CHPs were established to play a key role in shifting care from the acute to the community setting. Within this context the community nursing workforce has been adapting roles in response to Scottish Government (SG) directives. However literature review demonstrated there has been very little research into the role of Community Nurse Middle Managers (CNMMs) in the midst of this change. This investigation sought to address this deficit in the literature. Design and Methodology: The study was conducted in four distinct phases comprising of the reflexive, foundational, recursive and expansive. A total of 42 semi-structured interviews were conducted over the period of investigation. The investigation was qualitative and phenomenological in character. A hermeneutic approach was adopted, broadly based on Heideggerian philosophy. More specifically this study drew on the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach of Jonathan Smith (1996). Main findings: In general CNMMs perceived that their jobs had become more complex, with the pace and intensity of work having increased. They held a wide range of responsibilities managing the challenges of driving change within a hierarchy and professional bureaucracy. Opportunities for education and learning were felt to have reduced. A small but significant proportion had left and some were considering leaving the NHS service. A primary motivation for CNMMs was maintaining an implicit connection with service users. They were proud to be members of the nursing profession and aligned their identity with their career history. This was perceived to influence their management and leadership style. In overcoming some of the personal challenges they faced they identified protective factors or assets to counteract stress. The application of a salutogenic perspective emerged as important in supporting this. Conclusion: The study has addressed a knowledge gap in literature. It contributes to understandings of NHS community nursing, middle management, role, change and Community Health Partnership literature. In particular it gives a voice to the perspectives of community nursing middle managers in Scotland. It suggests that much more attention needs to be paid to the needs, constitution and sustenance of middle managers in Scottish community nursing and that this has policy, practice, education and research implications

Integrated health and social care; exploring of the needs and experiences of service users and their families.

Protocol for a review, aiming to address the following questions: 1) What are the perceptions of service users and their families in relation to their health and wellbeing needs? 2) What are the experiences of service users and their families who access integrated health and social care to meet their health and wellbeing needs? 3) What is the relationship between the service users (and their families) experiences of integrated health and social care, and their perceived health and wellbeing needs

Exploring the experiences of people who use and deliver integrated health and social care (IHSC) in a regional area of Scotland.

This study was to explore the experiences of people who use and deliver IHSC (Integrated Health and Social Care) in a regional area of Scotland. The main aim of the study was to understand the experiences of integrated health and social care, for service users and people that help them at home. It's main objectives were to: 1) describe the HWB (Health and well being) needs of services users and informal carers, 2) to investigate the relationship between HWB needs and the experiences of key stakeholders who receive IHSC, 3) to explore the experiences of key stakeholders who access and deliver IHSC services in an area of Scotland and 4) to explore the significance of relationships in experiences of IHSC

Exploring the health and wellbeing needs and experiences of people who use and deliver integrated health and social care in the community: a multi-case study.

Safe, people-centred, effective, affordable, and coordinated health and social support systems are a global priority. Current research in the field focuses on evaluation of services and models of integrated health and social care (IHSC). This qualitative multi-case study was designed with key stakeholders to explore the experiences and needs of people who use and deliver IHSC at home, in a regional area of Scotland (UK)

Microfluidic chemotaxis screening platform for quantification of bacterial viability

It is estimated that by 2050, over 10 million people globally will die each year as a direct result of antimicrobial resistance. This global health crisis has arisen from the use and often misuse of antibacterial drugs and poses a serious threat to all aspects of modern healthcare. The discovery of new antibacterial agents is, therefore, imperative. In this regard, novel surfaces with light activated antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial paints for use in healthcare environments are being developed and need rapid evaluation. To this end, we aim to utilise the natural phenomenon of bacterial chemotaxis (the ability of bacteria to move towards or away from environmental signals by flagella-mediated motility) to perform live-dead analysis on bacterial cells after exposure to antibacterial agents in a microfluidic device. One of the challenges of this approach is to quantify chemotactic motility independent of convective-diffusive forces, to distinguish between alive and dead cells. Operational parameters (e.g. flow rates) must be carefully chosen in order to avoid masking the chemotactic separation by lateral movement of bacteria due to diffusion in the direction of the chemotactic gradient. In this work, chemotaxis defined by Fick’s Law in a T-junction microfluidic chip was modelled by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), where chemotactic velocity was given as a function of the chemoattractant concentration and concentration gradient. The microchannels of the T-junction in the microfluidic device were 500 μm wide, 100 μm deep, and with a main channel length of 25 mm (Figure 1a). A range of flow rates was tested, and the spatial concentration of live bacteria estimated. The chip was fabricated by micro-milling channels on 1 mm thick polycarbonate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (mini-Tn7-GFP) was used as the model organism (in the mid-log phase to ensure maximum motility), as it causes serious infections in immunocompromised people and is frequently multidrug resistant (MDR). A chemoattractant, L-Threonine (4mM in 10 mM HEPES buffer) was tested on live bacterial culture. Bacteria and L-Thr were injected into the chip at three flow rates: 0.1 μl/min, 1 μl/min and 5 μl/min (each inlet). Fluorescence images were taken at the T-junction and 10 mm downstream of the channel to quantify the bacterial distribution across the channel width. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Integration of health and social care in the a regional area of Scotland: exploring the needs and experiences of service users and their families.

This presentation gave an overview and review process to-date of the research project: A case study of service user, informal carer and staff experiences of integrated health and social care at a NHS Grampian Excellence Event, Inverurie in October 2018